[
    {
        "unitid": "183026",
        "institution": "Southern New Hampshire University",
        "state": "NH",
        "control": "private nonprofit",
        "undergraduates": "163164",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "11",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "yes",
        "a_band_starts_at": "93",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.67",
                "normalized": "3.67"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.33",
                "normalized": "3.33"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.67",
                "normalized": "2.67"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.33",
                "normalized": "2.33"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.67",
                "normalized": "1.67"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.33",
                "normalized": "1.33"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://www.snhu.edu/-/media/files/pdfs/expanded-transcript-key.ashx",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Publishes percentage bands. Largest university in the US by undergraduate enrollment. A starts at 93, same as Grand Canyon. No A+, no D-."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "433387",
        "institution": "Western Governors University",
        "state": "UT",
        "control": "private nonprofit",
        "undergraduates": "155088",
        "scale_max": "",
        "highest_grade_value": "",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "n/a (competency-based)",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "0",
        "failing_letter": "",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {},
        "source_url": "https://careers.wgu.edu/resources/wgu-grading-policy/ ; https://www.wgu.edu/student-experience/learning/assessments.html",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "SECOND LARGEST university in the sample (155,088 undergraduates) and it does not run a conventional letter-grade GPA scale. Progress is measured in competency units via assessments. WGU publishes an explanatory letter precisely because employers and admissions offices do not recognise its grading. Searched their site for a letter-grade point table and found none; recorded as 'no conventional scale published' rather than as a failure to locate one."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "484613",
        "institution": "University of Phoenix-Arizona",
        "state": "AZ",
        "control": "private for-profit",
        "undergraduates": "85991",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "12",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.00",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.67",
                "normalized": "3.67"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.00",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.33",
                "normalized": "3.33"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.67",
                "normalized": "2.67"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.00",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.33",
                "normalized": "2.33"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.67",
                "normalized": "1.67"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.00",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.33",
                "normalized": "1.33"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.67",
                "normalized": "0.67"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.00",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://www.phoenix.edu/content/dam/edu/degrees/doc/academic-catalog/online.pdf",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Full minus set down to D-, but no A+. Largest for-profit university in the sample."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "104717",
        "institution": "Grand Canyon University",
        "state": "AZ",
        "control": "private nonprofit",
        "undergraduates": "73371",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "9",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "yes",
        "a_band_starts_at": "93",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://www.gcu.edu/sites/default/files/media/documents/academics/handbook/2026-27/university-policy-handbook-summer-2026-v7.pdf",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "FIRST institution in the sample to publish percentage bands. Runs TWO scales: nursing/CSD/OTA is stricter (A starts at 95) than every other college (A starts at 93). Bands are uneven: C spans 70-76 (seven points) while B- spans 80-82 (three). No A+, no C-, no D+, no D-."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "104151",
        "institution": "Arizona State University",
        "state": "AZ",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "64674",
        "scale_max": "4.33",
        "highest_grade_value": "4.33",
        "a_plus_offered": "yes",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "10",
        "failing_letter": "E",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.00",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A+": {
                "as_captured": "4.33",
                "normalized": "4.33"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.67",
                "normalized": "3.67"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.00",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.33",
                "normalized": "3.33"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.67",
                "normalized": "2.67"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.00",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.33",
                "normalized": "2.33"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.00",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "E": {
                "as_captured": "0.00",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://registrar.asu.edu/grades",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "A+ is worth 4.33, so an ASU GPA can exceed 4.0. ASU uses E for failure, not F, and adds EN (failing, never participated) and XE (failure for academic dishonesty), both also worth 0."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "228723",
        "institution": "Texas A&M University-College Station",
        "state": "TX",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "59615",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.tamu.edu/undergraduate/general-information/grading-system/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Grade POINTS only, no percentage bands. No plus/minus."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "132903",
        "institution": "University of Central Florida",
        "state": "FL",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "59146",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "12",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.00",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.75",
                "normalized": "3.75"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.00",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.25",
                "normalized": "3.25"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.75",
                "normalized": "2.75"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.00",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.25",
                "normalized": "2.25"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.75",
                "normalized": "1.75"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.00",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.25",
                "normalized": "1.25"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.75",
                "normalized": "0.75"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.00",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://policies.ucf.edu/documents/4-402.pdf",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "KEY QUOTE FOR THE STUDY: UCF states explicitly that there is NO official percentage-to-letter mapping and that it is left to each instructor. Also uses QUARTER-step values (3.75/3.25/2.75/2.25), unlike any other institution in the sample. Plus/minus is optional per instructor."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "150987",
        "institution": "Ivy Tech Community College",
        "state": "IN",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "58267",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://www.ivytech.edu/student-services/support-services/student-handbook/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No plus/minus at all. Academic skills advancement courses earn grading designations but no quality points."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "232557",
        "institution": "Liberty University",
        "state": "VA",
        "control": "private nonprofit",
        "undergraduates": "50012",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "12",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.00",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.67",
                "normalized": "3.67"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.00",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.33",
                "normalized": "3.33"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.67",
                "normalized": "2.67"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.00",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.33",
                "normalized": "2.33"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.67",
                "normalized": "1.67"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.00",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.33",
                "normalized": "1.33"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.67",
                "normalized": "0.67"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.00",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.liberty.edu/graduate/academic-support/academic-information-policies/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Liberty writes its zeros as '.00' rather than '0.00'. It distinguishes F from FN, failure for non-attendance, and both are worth nothing."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "163204",
        "institution": "University of Maryland Global Campus",
        "state": "MD",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "49664",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "4",
        "failing_letter": "",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://www.umgc.edu/help/article/gpa-calculation",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No plus/minus at all, at one of the largest online universities in the US. UMGC's published GPA article lists only A, B, C and D with their point values and never states what a failing grade is called or what it is worth, so this row records four letters rather than five. That silence is itself the finding: the page a student is sent to for 'how is my GPA calculated' does not mention failure."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "135717",
        "institution": "Miami Dade College",
        "state": "FL",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "46182",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://www.mdc.edu/academics/documents/2020-2022MDCCollegeCatalog.pdf",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No plus/minus at all. No percentage bands published. Cross-checked: two independent extractions of the 387-page catalog, anchored on different strings, returned the identical table."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "204796",
        "institution": "Ohio State University-Main Campus",
        "state": "OH",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "45638",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "11",
        "failing_letter": "E",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "E": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://www.advising.engineering.osu.edu/academic-standing-and-policies",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Ohio State states plainly what it does NOT offer: 'Ohio State does not offer the grades of A+ and D-.' Failure is an E, not an F, and an EN marks a student who stopped attending; both earn no grade points but both count in the GPA."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "227182",
        "institution": "Lone Star College System",
        "state": "TX",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "45188",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://www.lonestar.edu/multimedia/Credit%20Hours%20and%20GPA.pdf",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No plus/minus. Source is Lone Star's own student-facing GPA guide rather than a catalog page; the catalog itself was not reachable."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "243780",
        "institution": "Purdue University-Main Campus",
        "state": "IN",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "44503",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "yes",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "full",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "13",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A+": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.7",
                "normalized": "0.70"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://polytechnic.purdue.edu/office-academic-advising/academic-standards",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": ""
    },
    {
        "unitid": "142522",
        "institution": "Brigham Young University-Idaho",
        "state": "ID",
        "control": "private nonprofit",
        "undergraduates": "44397",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "12",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.4",
                "normalized": "3.40"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.4",
                "normalized": "2.40"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.4",
                "normalized": "1.40"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.7",
                "normalized": "0.70"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://www.byui.edu/student-records/grades/how-to-calculate-your-grade-point-average-gpa",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "BYU-Idaho runs the same Utah-style scale as BYU in Provo - plus grades worth .4 rather than .3 - but the two differ on the letter for failure: Provo uses E, Idaho uses F. BYU-Idaho also counts UW, an unofficial withdrawal, into the GPA at 0.0, and it defines its letters by learning behaviour rather than percentage: an A requires 'extensive evidence of original thinking' and 'diligent application of Learning Model principles, including initiative in serving other students.'"
    },
    {
        "unitid": "224615",
        "institution": "Dallas College",
        "state": "TX",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "43869",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "yes",
        "a_band_starts_at": "90",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.dallascollege.edu/content.php?catoid=2&navoid=358",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Publishes bands, A starts at 90. No plus/minus at all. Also uses an 'E' grade meaning Effort, carrying no points."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "228778",
        "institution": "The University of Texas at Austin",
        "state": "TX",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "42855",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "12",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.00",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.67",
                "normalized": "3.67"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.00",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.33",
                "normalized": "3.33"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.67",
                "normalized": "2.67"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.00",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.33",
                "normalized": "2.33"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.67",
                "normalized": "1.67"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.00",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.33",
                "normalized": "1.33"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.67",
                "normalized": "0.67"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.00",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.utexas.edu/general-information/academic-policies-and-procedures/computation-of-the-grade-point-average/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": ""
    },
    {
        "unitid": "104179",
        "institution": "University of Arizona",
        "state": "AZ",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "42537",
        "scale_max": "",
        "highest_grade_value": "",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "E",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {},
        "source_url": "https://catalog.arizona.edu/policy/courses-credit/grading/grading-system",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Uses E, not F, for failing. NO plus/minus for undergraduates - restricted to the Juris Doctorate program. Grade point values are not published on this page; scale_max deliberately left null rather than inferred. Letters are published but POINT VALUES are not stated on the grading-system page, so gpa_values is deliberately empty rather than inferred. plus_minus='none' is verified from the catalog text, not from an absent table."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "228547",
        "institution": "Tarrant County College District",
        "state": "TX",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "42300",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://www.tccd.edu/services/district-admissions-records-office/grades/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": ""
    },
    {
        "unitid": "214777",
        "institution": "Pennsylvania State University-Main Campus",
        "state": "PA",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "42284",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "9",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.000",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.670",
                "normalized": "3.67"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.000",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.330",
                "normalized": "3.33"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.670",
                "normalized": "2.67"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.000",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.330",
                "normalized": "2.33"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.000",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.000",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://registrar.psu.edu/grades/grade-point-average.cfm",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No A+, no C-, no D+, no D-. Plus/minus stops below C, same shape as FIU. Earlier automated parse of the bulletins.psu.edu page truncated every decimal and was rejected by the gates."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "486840",
        "institution": "Kennesaw State University",
        "state": "GA",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "41254",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.00",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.00",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.00",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.00",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.00",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.kennesaw.edu/content.php?catoid=80&navoid=8468&print",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No plus/minus. Notably this scale is mandated STATE-WIDE by the University System of Georgia Board of Regents, not chosen by Kennesaw - the only case in the sample of a scale set above the institution."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "171100",
        "institution": "Michigan State University",
        "state": "MI",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "40922",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "n/a (no letter grades)",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "0",
        "failing_letter": "",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {},
        "source_url": "https://reg.msu.edu/AcademicPrograms/Print.aspx?Section=521",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Does NOT use letter grades. Grades are issued as numbers in 0.5 steps from 4.0 to 0.0. No A/B/C/D/F at all."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "225423",
        "institution": "Houston City College",
        "state": "TX",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "40503",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "yes",
        "a_band_starts_at": "90",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.hccs.edu/content.php?catoid=24&navoid=1693",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Publishes bands, and A starts at 90 - NOT 93 like SNHU and Grand Canyon. No plus/minus at all. Also states most Health Sciences programs use a different scale, a second case of within-institution variation."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "449339",
        "institution": "American Public University System",
        "state": "WV",
        "control": "private for-profit",
        "undergraduates": "40074",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "12",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.00",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.75",
                "normalized": "3.75"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.00",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.50",
                "normalized": "3.50"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.75",
                "normalized": "2.75"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.00",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.50",
                "normalized": "2.50"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.75",
                "normalized": "1.75"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.00",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.50",
                "normalized": "1.50"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.75",
                "normalized": "0.75"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.00",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.apus.edu/rasmussen/academic-programs/academic-policies-standards/grading-scales/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": ""
    },
    {
        "unitid": "133951",
        "institution": "Florida International University",
        "state": "FL",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "39508",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "9",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.000",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.670",
                "normalized": "3.67"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.000",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.330",
                "normalized": "3.33"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.670",
                "normalized": "2.67"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.000",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.330",
                "normalized": "2.33"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.000",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.000",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://onestop.fiu.edu/forms-and-resources/grading-system/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No A+, no C-, no D+, no D-. The plus/minus system stops below C: there is a C+ but no C-, and D has no variants at all."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "138187",
        "institution": "Valencia College",
        "state": "FL",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "39486",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.valenciacollege.edu/records/grades/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No plus/minus at all."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "110565",
        "institution": "California State University-Fullerton",
        "state": "CA",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "38546",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "yes",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "full",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "13",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A+": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.7",
                "normalized": "0.70"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.fullerton.edu/content.php?catoid=75&navoid=9807",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "A+ exists but is worth 4.0, identical to A - same pattern as Purdue, unlike Arizona State's 4.33. Five-column tab table; parsed by hand after the automated pass missed A and A+ entirely."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "225511",
        "institution": "University of Houston",
        "state": "TX",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "38380",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "12",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.00",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.67",
                "normalized": "3.67"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.00",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.33",
                "normalized": "3.33"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.67",
                "normalized": "2.67"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.00",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.33",
                "normalized": "2.33"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.67",
                "normalized": "1.67"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.00",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.33",
                "normalized": "1.33"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.67",
                "normalized": "0.67"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.00",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://publications.uh.edu/content.php?catoid=52&navoid=19521",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Full minus set down to D-, no A+. Standard .67/.33 increments."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "151351",
        "institution": "Indiana University-Bloomington",
        "state": "IN",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "37806",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "8",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://studentcentral.indiana.edu/grades/grading-system/index.html",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": ""
    },
    {
        "unitid": "186380",
        "institution": "Rutgers University-New Brunswick",
        "state": "NJ",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "37751",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "7",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.5",
                "normalized": "3.50"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.5",
                "normalized": "2.50"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://policies.rutgers.edu/B.aspx?BookId=11903&PageId=459220",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "HALF-STEP plus grades: B+ is 3.5 and C+ is 2.5, not the usual 3.3/2.3. Plus grades exist ONLY for B and C. No minus grades anywhere, no A+, no D+."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "137351",
        "institution": "University of South Florida",
        "state": "FL",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "37207",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "yes",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "full",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "13",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.00",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A+": {
                "as_captured": "4.00",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.67",
                "normalized": "3.67"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.00",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.33",
                "normalized": "3.33"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.67",
                "normalized": "2.67"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.00",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.33",
                "normalized": "2.33"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.67",
                "normalized": "1.67"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.00",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.33",
                "normalized": "1.33"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.67",
                "normalized": "0.67"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.00",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.usf.edu/mime/media/3/6690/2025-2026+USF+Undergraduate+Catalog.pdf",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Plus/minus is OPTIONAL and set by each instructor, not by the university - so two USF students with identical percentages can receive different letters depending on who teaches the course. A+ is capped at 4.00. USF also records FF (failure for academic dishonesty) and IF, both worth 0.00."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "240444",
        "institution": "University of Wisconsin-Madison",
        "state": "WI",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "36902",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none (uses AB/BC intermediate grades)",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "7",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "AB": {
                "as_captured": "3.5",
                "normalized": "3.50"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "BC": {
                "as_captured": "2.5",
                "normalized": "2.50"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://registrar.wisc.edu/valid-grades/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "UNIQUE IN THE SAMPLE: no plus or minus grades at all. Instead uses INTERMEDIATE letter-pair grades AB (3.5) and BC (2.5) between the whole letters, and only between A/B and B/C - there is no CD. The Law School runs its own separate scale."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "145637",
        "institution": "University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign",
        "state": "IL",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "36258",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "yes",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "full",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "13",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.00",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A+": {
                "as_captured": "4.00",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.67",
                "normalized": "3.67"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.00",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.33",
                "normalized": "3.33"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.67",
                "normalized": "2.67"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.00",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.33",
                "normalized": "2.33"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.67",
                "normalized": "1.67"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.00",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.33",
                "normalized": "1.33"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.67",
                "normalized": "0.67"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.00",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://registrar.illinois.edu/courses-grades/explanation-of-grades/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": ""
    },
    {
        "unitid": "228459",
        "institution": "Texas State University",
        "state": "TX",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "36177",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://onestop.txst.edu/registrar/student-resources/grades.html",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No plus/minus. Texas State separates two kinds of failure: F (Failure - Earned) and U (Failure - Unearned, used for financial aid eligibility when a student was not academically engaged until end of term), both worth 0 and both counted in the GPA. Grades ending in Y are non-punitive, used for fresh start or bankruptcy. The graduate legend is the same 4/3/2/1/0 but a C is below the passing standard for doctoral students."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "110583",
        "institution": "California State University-Long Beach",
        "state": "CA",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "35924",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://www.csulb.edu/student-records/understanding-grades-and-grading",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No plus/minus. Long Beach records F and WU (unauthorised withdrawal) together as 'F/U' worth 0, and states the credit consequence directly: A, B or C earns credit; D, F or WU earns none."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "134130",
        "institution": "University of Florida",
        "state": "FL",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "35629",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "12",
        "failing_letter": "E",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.67",
                "normalized": "3.67"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.33",
                "normalized": "3.33"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.67",
                "normalized": "2.67"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.33",
                "normalized": "2.33"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.67",
                "normalized": "1.67"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.33",
                "normalized": "1.33"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": ".67",
                "normalized": "0.67"
            },
            "E": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.ufl.edu/UGRD/academic-regulations/grades-grading-policies/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Florida publishes two scales side by side and dates the change precisely. Before 11 May 2009 there were no minus grades and a plus was worth half a point: A 4.0, B+ 3.5, B 3.0, C+ 2.5, C 2.0, D+ 1.5, D 1. From that date the scale became the conventional .33/.67 one with minuses added. Florida uses E for failure, not F, and counts WF (withdrew failing) in the GPA at zero."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "122409",
        "institution": "San Diego State University",
        "state": "CA",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "35377",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "12",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.7",
                "normalized": "0.70"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://registrar.sdsu.edu/faculty_staff/courses_grades/explanation-grades",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": ""
    },
    {
        "unitid": "110680",
        "institution": "University of California-San Diego",
        "state": "CA",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "34948",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "yes",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "11",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A+": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://students.ucsd.edu/academics/exams-grades-transcripts/grades/grading-system.html",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "A+ exists but is capped at 4.0, same as an A. D has no plus or minus variants. Medicine and Pharmacy students are graded Honors/Pass/Fail instead - another within-institution split."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "227216",
        "institution": "University of North Texas",
        "state": "TX",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "34341",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://registrar.unt.edu/grades/index.html",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No plus/minus at all. UNT states plainly that its grading system 'uses the letters A, B, C, D, F' - the plus and minus never appear."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "170976",
        "institution": "University of Michigan-Ann Arbor",
        "state": "MI",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "34177",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "yes",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "full",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "13",
        "failing_letter": "E",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A+": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.7",
                "normalized": "0.70"
            },
            "E": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://lsa.umich.edu/lsa/academics/lsa-academic-policies-and-procedures/grades-and-transcript-notations.html",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Michigan uses E, not F, for a failing grade, and calls its grade points 'honor points'. A+ is capped at 4.0. Its pass/fail rule sets an explicit cut line that most institutions leave unstated: the registrar records a P if the instructor reported anything from C- to A+, and an F if the instructor reported D+ or below - so at Michigan a D+ is a failing grade under pass/fail but a passing one under letter grading."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "129367",
        "institution": "Connecticut State Community College",
        "state": "CT",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "33645",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "12",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "yes",
        "a_band_starts_at": "93",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.7",
                "normalized": "0.70"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.ctstate.edu/academic-policies-procedures/grades-grade-points-/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Publishes percentage bands. A starts at 93. Full minus set down to D-, no A+."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "110662",
        "institution": "University of California-Los Angeles",
        "state": "CA",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "33475",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "12",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.7",
                "normalized": "0.70"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://internationalcenter.ucla.edu/resources/grading-system",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": ""
    },
    {
        "unitid": "100751",
        "institution": "The University of Alabama",
        "state": "AL",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "33227",
        "scale_max": "4.33",
        "highest_grade_value": "4.33",
        "a_plus_offered": "yes",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "full",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "13",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A+": {
                "as_captured": "4.33",
                "normalized": "4.33"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.67",
                "normalized": "3.67"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.33",
                "normalized": "3.33"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.67",
                "normalized": "2.67"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.33",
                "normalized": "2.33"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.67",
                "normalized": "1.67"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.33",
                "normalized": "1.33"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.67",
                "normalized": "0.67"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.ua.edu/undergraduate/about/academic-regulations/records/grades-grade-points-gpa/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Full plus/minus with an A+ worth 4.33, so an Alabama GPA can exceed 4.0. The catalog explains the arithmetic rather than only tabulating it: 'The plus sign added to a grade raises the points awarded by 0.33 points per hour. A minus sign lowers the points awarded by 0.33 points.' It also settles the question every prerequisite rule runs into: 'Where departmental or other regulations require a minimum grade in a course or courses (for instance, the requirement to complete all prerequisites with grades of at least \"C\"), a minus sign shall be appended to the minimum grade. That is, a \"C\" indicates \"any kind of C.\"'"
    },
    {
        "unitid": "110635",
        "institution": "University of California-Berkeley",
        "state": "CA",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "33068",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "yes",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "full",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "13",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A+": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.7",
                "normalized": "0.70"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://undergraduate.catalog.berkeley.edu/policies/grades",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Berkeley publishes a RULE, not a table: base values plus or minus three-tenths, with A+ explicitly capped at 4.0. Values here are derived from that stated rule. Fifth institution in the sample where an A+ exists but is worth no more than an A."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "232946",
        "institution": "Northern Virginia Community College",
        "state": "VA",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "33048",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.nvcc.edu/academic-policies-information/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": ""
    },
    {
        "unitid": "230038",
        "institution": "Brigham Young University",
        "state": "UT",
        "control": "private nonprofit",
        "undergraduates": "32952",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "12",
        "failing_letter": "E",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.4",
                "normalized": "3.40"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.4",
                "normalized": "2.40"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.4",
                "normalized": "1.40"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.7",
                "normalized": "0.70"
            },
            "E": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://policy.byu.edu/view/undergraduate-academic-credit-grades-and-records-policy",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "BYU uses E, not F, for a failing grade. Its plus grades are also non-standard: B+ is 3.4 rather than the usual 3.3 or 3.33, C+ is 2.4 and D+ is 1.4, while the minus grades follow the conventional .7 steps. No A+. BYU truncates rather than rounds: 'The resulting GPA is truncated following the second decimal (e.g., 1.99672=1.99). The University does not round GPA.'"
    },
    {
        "unitid": "110608",
        "institution": "California State University-Northridge",
        "state": "CA",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "32691",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "12",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.7",
                "normalized": "0.70"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.csun.edu/policies/categories/grading-systems-and-policies/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No A+. Minus grades introduced in 1987; plain letters date from 1958 per the catalog's own 'Dates Used' column."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "229115",
        "institution": "Texas Tech University",
        "state": "TX",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "32394",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://www.depts.ttu.edu/artsandsciences/academics_and_admission/student_success/understanding_your_gpa/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No plus/minus."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "228769",
        "institution": "The University of Texas at Arlington",
        "state": "TX",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "32294",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.uta.edu/academicregulations/grades/grades.pdf",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No plus/minus."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "110644",
        "institution": "University of California-Davis",
        "state": "CA",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "32253",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "yes",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "full",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "13",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.000",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A+": {
                "as_captured": "4.000",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.700",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.000",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.300",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.700",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.000",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.300",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.700",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.000",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.300",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.700",
                "normalized": "0.70"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.000",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.ucdavis.edu/academic-information-policies-regulations/grades-grading/grades-grading.pdf",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Full plus/minus including A+ and D-, with A+ capped at 4.000."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "134097",
        "institution": "Florida State University",
        "state": "FL",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "32212",
        "scale_max": "4.33",
        "highest_grade_value": "4.33",
        "a_plus_offered": "yes",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "9",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.00",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A+": {
                "as_captured": "4.33",
                "normalized": "4.33"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.00",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.33",
                "normalized": "3.33"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.00",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.33",
                "normalized": "2.33"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.00",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.33",
                "normalized": "1.33"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.00",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://registrar.fsu.edu/bulletin/undergraduate-information/academic-regulations-procedures",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": ""
    },
    {
        "unitid": "139959",
        "institution": "University of Georgia",
        "state": "GA",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "32137",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "10",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://reg.uga.edu/student-records/grades/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": ""
    },
    {
        "unitid": "236948",
        "institution": "University of Washington-Seattle Campus",
        "state": "WA",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "31942",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "n/a (no letter grades)",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "0",
        "failing_letter": "",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {},
        "source_url": "https://www.washington.edu/students/gencat/front/Grading_Sys.html",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Washington does not award letter grades at all. Instructors report a NUMBER from 4.0 down to 0.7 in steps of 0.1, plus 0.0 for failure, which is 34 distinct grades where most institutions have eleven or twelve. The letter scale exists only as an equivalence table, and every letter maps to a RANGE rather than a value, so a Washington A covers 4.0 and 3.9 while an A- covers everything from 3.8 down to 3.5. The band 0.6 to 0.1 cannot be awarded: anything reported there is converted to 0.0. Dentistry, Law and Medicine are exempt. This is the second institution in the sample with no letter grades, after Michigan State."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "126614",
        "institution": "University of Colorado Boulder",
        "state": "CO",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "31939",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "12",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.7",
                "normalized": "0.70"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.colorado.edu/undergraduate/credits-grading/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": ""
    },
    {
        "unitid": "174066",
        "institution": "University of Minnesota-Twin Cities",
        "state": "MN",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "31855",
        "scale_max": "4.333",
        "highest_grade_value": "4.333",
        "a_plus_offered": "yes",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "12",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.000",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A+": {
                "as_captured": "4.333",
                "normalized": "4.33"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.667",
                "normalized": "3.67"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.000",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.333",
                "normalized": "3.33"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.667",
                "normalized": "2.67"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.000",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.333",
                "normalized": "2.33"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.667",
                "normalized": "1.67"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.000",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.333",
                "normalized": "1.33"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.000",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://onestop.umn.edu/academics/transcripts-and-grades/grades",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "A+ is worth 4.333 but is RESTRICTED TO THE LAW SCHOOL - undergraduates cannot earn one. Mirrors Arizona, where plus/minus exists only for law students. There is no D-. Minnesota also pins its pass/fail line to a letter: an S is 'equivalent to a C- or better for undergraduate students.'"
    },
    {
        "unitid": "233921",
        "institution": "Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University",
        "state": "VA",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "30923",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "12",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.7",
                "normalized": "0.70"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://www.registrar.vt.edu/content/dam/registrar_vt_edu/documents/Updates/Transcript-Key.pdf",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No A+. Plus and minus grades were added effective Fall Quarter 1979, per the same transcript key - one of the few institutions that dates the introduction of its plus/minus system. The Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine runs a separate clinical clerkship system (Honors / High Pass / Pass / Fail) rather than letters."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "489779",
        "institution": "Purdue University Global",
        "state": "IN",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "30828",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "11",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "yes",
        "a_band_starts_at": "93",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.purdueglobal.edu/policy-information/academic-standards/grades-marks/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "THREE scales in one institution. Nursing undergraduates FAIL below 75 while every other undergraduate fails below 60 - the widest within-institution gap in the sample. Graduate courses use a third scale with no plus/minus at all (A 90-100). Bands recorded here are the standard undergraduate scale."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "163286",
        "institution": "University of Maryland-College Park",
        "state": "MD",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "30760",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "yes",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "full",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "13",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A+": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.7",
                "normalized": "0.70"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://academiccatalog.umd.edu/undergraduate/registration-academic-requirements-regulations/academic-records-regulations/academic-records-regulations.pdf",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Full plus/minus with A+ capped at 4.0 - an A+ carries no GPA advantage over an A. Maryland also counts an XF (failure for academic dishonesty) in the GPA at 0."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "209542",
        "institution": "Oregon State University",
        "state": "OR",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "30743",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "12",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.7",
                "normalized": "0.70"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://registrar.oregonstate.edu/osus-grading-system",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No A+. Full minus set down to D-."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "159391",
        "institution": "Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College",
        "state": "LA",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "30594",
        "scale_max": "4.3",
        "highest_grade_value": "4.3",
        "a_plus_offered": "yes",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "full",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "13",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A+": {
                "as_captured": "4.3",
                "normalized": "4.30"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.7",
                "normalized": "0.70"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://www.lsu.edu/registrar/grade-policy/plus-minus-grades.php",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "One of the few institutions where an A+ is worth MORE than an A (4.3), so a GPA above 4.0 is possible. But the state scholarship programme will not accept it: 'LOSFA has informed the university with respect to TOPS, that they will not accept plus/minus grades. Therefore, for example, if a student earns an A+ the university is required to report an A.' LSU also reads course prerequisites by letter RANGE: a 'C or better' requirement is met by C-, C or C+."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "229027",
        "institution": "The University of Texas at San Antonio",
        "state": "TX",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "30580",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "yes",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "full",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "13",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.00",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A+": {
                "as_captured": "4.00",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.67",
                "normalized": "3.67"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.00",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.33",
                "normalized": "3.33"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.67",
                "normalized": "2.67"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.00",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.33",
                "normalized": "2.33"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.67",
                "normalized": "1.67"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.00",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.33",
                "normalized": "1.33"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.67",
                "normalized": "0.67"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.utsa.edu/policies/generalacademicregulations/grades/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": ""
    },
    {
        "unitid": "221759",
        "institution": "The University of Tennessee-Knoxville",
        "state": "TN",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "30418",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "12",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.7",
                "normalized": "0.70"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://utk.catalog.acalog.com/content.php?catoid=56&navoid=12029#grad_cred_hour_grad",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No A+. Tennessee is unusual in labelling what each grade MEANS as well as what it is worth, and the labels are blunt: C-, D+, D and D- are all described as 'Unsatisfactory' even though every one of them carries quality points and passes the course. First Year Composition runs on a shortened scale - A, A-, B+, B, B-, C+, C, I, NC, W - with no D or F available at all."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "110653",
        "institution": "University of California-Irvine",
        "state": "CA",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "30197",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "yes",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "full",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "13",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A+": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.7",
                "normalized": "0.70"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://www.reg.uci.edu/services/transcripts/notations.html",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Full plus/minus with A+ capped at 4.0. UCI dates both halves of its plus/minus system: plus and minus grades arrived in fall 1973 and the A+ followed sixteen years later in fall 1989. The PharmD programme runs a separate H (Honors) grade that is not calculated in the GPA."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "222992",
        "institution": "Austin Community College District",
        "state": "TX",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "30189",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.austincc.edu/support-services-and-student-progress/student-progress/grading-system/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No plus/minus."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "201885",
        "institution": "University of Cincinnati-Main Campus",
        "state": "OH",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "29882",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "12",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0000",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.6667",
                "normalized": "3.67"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0000",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3333",
                "normalized": "3.33"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.6667",
                "normalized": "2.67"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0000",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3333",
                "normalized": "2.33"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.6667",
                "normalized": "1.67"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0000",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3333",
                "normalized": "1.33"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.6667",
                "normalized": "0.67"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.0000",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://www.uc.edu/about/registrar/transcripts-diplomas-verifications/grading-scales.html",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Publishes to FOUR decimal places, the most precise in the sample. States that plus and minus grades are OPTIONAL - instructor discretion, like UCF and Purdue. No A+."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "218663",
        "institution": "University of South Carolina-Columbia",
        "state": "SC",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "29820",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "8",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.5",
                "normalized": "3.50"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.5",
                "normalized": "2.50"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.5",
                "normalized": "1.50"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://sc.edu/about/offices_and_divisions/registrar/transcripts_and_records/grade_point_scale/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": ""
    },
    {
        "unitid": "242972",
        "institution": "NUC University",
        "state": "PR",
        "control": "private for-profit",
        "undergraduates": "28918",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "yes",
        "a_band_starts_at": "90",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://northbridge.edu/sites/default/files/2026-09/Northbridge-Catalog-PR-English-20260901_1.pdf",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Publishes percentage bands, A starting at 90 - a plain ten-point scale with no plus/minus. NUC also does something no other institution in the sample does: it gives each letter a RANGE of grade point averages as well as a percentage range, so a cumulative GPA of 3.50 or above is itself reported as an 'A'. The institution rebranded to Northbridge University during the study; the catalog is published under the new name while IPEDS still lists NUC University."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "106397",
        "institution": "University of Arkansas",
        "state": "AR",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "28677",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.uark.edu/undergraduatecatalog/academicregulations/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No plus/minus for most of the university, and the catalog names its own exception in the same sentence that states the rule. The Faculty Handbook confirms the scope: 'The grading system in general use at the university is stated in the current catalog under the heading Grades and Marks. The Law School and the Fay Jones School of Architecture and Design may evaluate on a plus and minus grading system.' Arkansas also distinguishes an ordinary F from XF, failure for academic dishonesty, both worth 0."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "227368",
        "institution": "The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley",
        "state": "TX",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "28666",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://utrgv.smartcatalogiq.com/en/2026-2027/student-policies/academic-policies-and-procedures/grades/undergraduate-grading",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No plus/minus in undergraduate coursework."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "193900",
        "institution": "New York University",
        "state": "NY",
        "control": "private nonprofit",
        "undergraduates": "28663",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "11",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.000",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.667",
                "normalized": "3.67"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.000",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.333",
                "normalized": "3.33"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.667",
                "normalized": "2.67"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.000",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.333",
                "normalized": "2.33"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.667",
                "normalized": "1.67"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.000",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.333",
                "normalized": "1.33"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.000",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://bulletins.nyu.edu/nyu/policies/grading/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No A+, no D-. The bulletin notes the list 'is exhaustive, and a specific grade may not be valid at all NYU schools or divisions' - another case of within-institution variation."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "230737",
        "institution": "Utah Valley University",
        "state": "UT",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "28453",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "12",
        "failing_letter": "E",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.4",
                "normalized": "3.40"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.4",
                "normalized": "2.40"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.4",
                "normalized": "1.40"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.7",
                "normalized": "0.70"
            },
            "E": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.uvu.edu/academic-policies-standards/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Utah Valley uses E for failure. Its plus grades are the Utah-style 3.4/2.4/1.4 rather than 3.3/2.3/1.3, matching BYU and BYU-Idaho: three of the four Utah institutions in the sample share a scale that almost nobody outside the state uses."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "110617",
        "institution": "California State University-Sacramento",
        "state": "CA",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "28350",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "12",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.7",
                "normalized": "0.70"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.csus.edu/academic-policies/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": ""
    },
    {
        "unitid": "126827",
        "institution": "Colorado Technical University-Colorado Springs",
        "state": "CO",
        "control": "private for-profit",
        "undergraduates": "28086",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "11",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "yes",
        "a_band_starts_at": "94",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://smartcatalogiq.coloradotech.edu/en/2026/catalog/academic-affairs/classroom-policies/copy-of-grading/grading-system",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "HIGHEST A THRESHOLD IN THE SAMPLE: an A starts at 94, above the 93 at SNHU/Grand Canyon/Connecticut State/Purdue Global and the 90 at Houston CC/Dallas/DeVry. Also runs a separate graduate scale with no C- or D at all, where F begins at 72 rather than 59."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "482477",
        "institution": "DeVry University-Illinois",
        "state": "IL",
        "control": "private for-profit",
        "undergraduates": "27825",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "yes",
        "a_band_starts_at": "90",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.00",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.00",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.00",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.00",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.00",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://www.devry.edu/d/devry-catalog.pdf",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Publishes bands, A starts at 90. No plus/minus. States explicitly that grades are NOT rounded up to the next letter - the only institution in the sample to say so."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "113856",
        "institution": "East Los Angeles College",
        "state": "CA",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "27753",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://www.elac.edu/sites/elac.edu/files/2024-11/ELAC_General_Catalog_24_25_November_Update.pdf",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": ""
    },
    {
        "unitid": "232186",
        "institution": "George Mason University",
        "state": "VA",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "27752",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "yes",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "11",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.00",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A+": {
                "as_captured": "4.00",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.67",
                "normalized": "3.67"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.00",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.33",
                "normalized": "3.33"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.67",
                "normalized": "2.67"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.00",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.33",
                "normalized": "2.33"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.67",
                "normalized": "1.67"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.00",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.00",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.gmu.edu/policies/academic/grading/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": ""
    },
    {
        "unitid": "122755",
        "institution": "San Jose State University",
        "state": "CA",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "27601",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "yes",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "full",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "13",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A+": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.7",
                "normalized": "0.70"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.sjsu.edu/content.php?catoid=23&navoid=8434",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "The A+ cap is not San Jose State's own choice: the catalog attributes it to state law - 'In accordance with California regulations, a grade of A+ carries a maximum value of 4.0 grade points.' That makes it the clearest case in the sample of a grading rule set above the institution, alongside Kennesaw (Georgia Board of Regents) and UNLV (NSHE)."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "199193",
        "institution": "North Carolina State University at Raleigh",
        "state": "NC",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "27371",
        "scale_max": "4.333",
        "highest_grade_value": "4.333",
        "a_plus_offered": "yes",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "full",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "13",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A+": {
                "as_captured": "4.333",
                "normalized": "4.33"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.667",
                "normalized": "3.67"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.333",
                "normalized": "3.33"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.667",
                "normalized": "2.67"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.333",
                "normalized": "2.33"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.667",
                "normalized": "1.67"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.333",
                "normalized": "1.33"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.667",
                "normalized": "0.67"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.ncsu.edu/graduate/graduate-handbook/grades/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": ""
    },
    {
        "unitid": "230764",
        "institution": "University of Utah",
        "state": "UT",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "27264",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "11",
        "failing_letter": "E",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "0.7",
                "normalized": "0.70"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "E": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://regulations.utah.edu/academics/6-100.php",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Utah's own policy contradicts itself. The prose says student work is reported as 'D+, D, D-, substandard performance, marginal achievement,' but the conversion table the Registrar actually uses lists no D- at all and assigns D a value of 0.7, the number every other institution gives a D-. So a Utah D is worth less than a D at any comparable university, and the D- named in the policy has no published value. Utah also uses E for failure, plus EU for a student who never attended, treated as an E."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "182005",
        "institution": "College of Southern Nevada",
        "state": "NV",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "27252",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "12",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.7",
                "normalized": "0.70"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.csn.edu/content.php?catoid=23&navoid=7315",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Instructor-optional plus/minus and no A+, matching UNLV exactly - both are Nevada System of Higher Education institutions running the same system-level policy. CSN adds a rule of its own: D+, D and D- in the major occupational area do not count toward an Associate of Applied Science degree or a Certificate of Achievement, so the same letter can pass a course and still fail to count."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "100858",
        "institution": "Auburn University",
        "state": "AL",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "26816",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://bulletin.auburn.edu/Policies/Academic/grades/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No plus/minus."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "139940",
        "institution": "Georgia State University",
        "state": "GA",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "26623",
        "scale_max": "4.3",
        "highest_grade_value": "4.3",
        "a_plus_offered": "yes",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "11",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.00",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A+": {
                "as_captured": "4.30",
                "normalized": "4.30"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.70",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.00",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.30",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.70",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.00",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.30",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.70",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.00",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.00",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalogs.gsu.edu/content.php?catoid=46&navoid=5905",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Plus and minus stop at C: there is no D+ and no D-, so the scale drops straight from C- (1.70) to D (1.00). The A+ is worth 4.30, which means a GPA above 4.0 is possible - but not for the purpose that matters most to a Georgia undergraduate. The HOPE scholarship GPA is calculated separately and, in the catalog's words, 'does not include plus or minus attributes. For example, both a B+ and B- will be treated as the equivalent of a B.' Georgia State is the second institution in the sample whose state scholarship programme flattens its own plus/minus scale, alongside LSU and TOPS."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "247834",
        "institution": "Collin County Community College District",
        "state": "TX",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "26449",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.collin.edu/content.php?catoid=7&navoid=199",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No plus/minus. Collin excludes developmental-education grades from the GPA entirely and flags them with a D printed after the letter; it also records AFS for Academic Fresh Start, the Texas provision that lets a returning student have old coursework disregarded."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "119164",
        "institution": "Mt San Antonio College",
        "state": "CA",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "26140",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://www.mtsac.edu/president/cabinet-notes/2018-19/Grading_Scale_from_2018-19_Catalog.pdf",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No plus/minus."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "134237",
        "institution": "Full Sail University",
        "state": "FL",
        "control": "private for-profit",
        "undergraduates": "25777",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "12",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "yes",
        "a_band_starts_at": "93",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.75",
                "normalized": "3.75"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.25",
                "normalized": "3.25"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.75",
                "normalized": "2.75"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.25",
                "normalized": "2.25"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.75",
                "normalized": "1.75"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.25",
                "normalized": "1.25"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.75",
                "normalized": "0.75"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.fullsail.edu/sites/default/files/pdf/academic_page/academic-grading-scale.pdf",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Publishes bands, A starts at 93. Uses QUARTER steps (3.75, 3.25, 2.75, 2.25) like UCF - only the second institution to do so. Graduate programmes use a separate scale with no D+ and D spanning 60-69."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "109208",
        "institution": "American River College",
        "state": "CA",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "25621",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://arc.losrios.edu/arc/main/doc/ARC03-Academics/ARC-Programs-and-Majors/catalog-archive/2025-26-catalog-20250801.pdf",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No plus/minus. American River spells out what its pass/no-pass line means in letters - P is 'Pass (C or better)' and NP is 'No Pass (less than C)' - and adds EW (Excused Withdrawal), a California community-college grade that does not count against the three-attempt limit on repeating a course."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "126818",
        "institution": "Colorado State University-Fort Collins",
        "state": "CO",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "25538",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "yes",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "10",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.000",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A+": {
                "as_captured": "4.000",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.667",
                "normalized": "3.67"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.000",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.334",
                "normalized": "3.33"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.667",
                "normalized": "2.67"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.000",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.334",
                "normalized": "2.33"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.000",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.000",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.colostate.edu/general-catalog/academic-standards/grading/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "ABOLISHED GRADES: C-, D+ and D- were discontinued in Fall 2008 - the only institution in the sample documented as REMOVING grades from its scale. A+ exists but is capped at 4.000. Uses .334/.334 rather than the near-universal .333."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "153603",
        "institution": "Iowa State University",
        "state": "IA",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "25367",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "12",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.00",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.67",
                "normalized": "3.67"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.00",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.33",
                "normalized": "3.33"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.67",
                "normalized": "2.67"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.00",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.33",
                "normalized": "2.33"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.67",
                "normalized": "1.67"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.00",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.33",
                "normalized": "1.33"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.67",
                "normalized": "0.67"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.00",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.iastate.edu/academics/grading/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": ""
    },
    {
        "unitid": "110529",
        "institution": "California State Polytechnic University-Pomona",
        "state": "CA",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "25042",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "12",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.7",
                "normalized": "0.70"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://www.cpp.edu/academic-manual/1600-1699-grading-student-affairs/1600-1699/policy_1601_grading_system.pdf",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Plus/minus grades are at the INSTRUCTOR'S DISCRETION - the fourth institution in the sample to leave it to the individual teacher, after UCF, Purdue and Cincinnati. No A+."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "132709",
        "institution": "Broward College",
        "state": "FL",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "24922",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.broward.edu/academic-affairs/final-grades-records/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No plus/minus. Broward also records WN (withdrawal for non-attendance) and, under Florida State Board of Education rules, caps withdrawals at two per course - on a third attempt the student must take an earned letter grade."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "157085",
        "institution": "University of Kentucky",
        "state": "KY",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "24763",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "E",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "E": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://www.uky.edu/USC/Section%20V.pdf",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No plus/minus university-wide, and Kentucky uses E for failure - reserving F for failure in a course taken pass-fail, so the two letters mean different things on the same transcript. Plus/minus DOES exist at Kentucky, but only as a documented exception: Senate Rule 5.1.2.1 gives the College of Law a scale running A+ 4.3, A 4.0, A- 3.7, B+ 3.3, B 3.0, B- 2.7, C+ 2.3, C 2.0, C- 1.7, D+ 1.3, D 1.0, D- 0.7, E 0. Medicine, Dentistry and some Architecture and Landscape Architecture courses are likewise exempt from the university scale."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "182281",
        "institution": "University of Nevada-Las Vegas",
        "state": "NV",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "24622",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "12",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.7",
                "normalized": "0.70"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.unlv.edu/content.php?catoid=53&navoid=17116",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Plus/minus is instructor-optional, like USF, and the catalog is explicit that a student cannot appeal which format their instructor picks. The enumerated list of plus/minus grades deliberately omits A+, so 4.0 is the ceiling. UNLV also publishes a SECOND point scale almost nobody else does - a Grade Point Balance running A +2.0 down to F -2.0, centred on C = 0 - which tells a struggling student how many credit hours of each grade it would take to climb back to a 2.00 GPA. The scale is set at system level by NSHE rather than by UNLV alone."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "199139",
        "institution": "University of North Carolina at Charlotte",
        "state": "NC",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "24453",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://provost.charlotte.edu/policies/grading-undergraduate",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": ""
    },
    {
        "unitid": "224642",
        "institution": "El Paso Community College",
        "state": "TX",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "24214",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://www.epcc.edu/Administration/InstitutionalEffectiveness/PoliciesandProcedures/EGA-4.pdf",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No plus/minus."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "178396",
        "institution": "University of Missouri-Columbia",
        "state": "MO",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "23929",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "yes",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "full",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "13",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.00",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A+": {
                "as_captured": "4.00",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.00",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.00",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.00",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.7",
                "normalized": "0.70"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://registrar.missouri.edu/grades-calculators/grading-system/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": ""
    },
    {
        "unitid": "133669",
        "institution": "Florida Atlantic University",
        "state": "FL",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "23757",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "12",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.00",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.67",
                "normalized": "3.67"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.00",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.33",
                "normalized": "3.33"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.67",
                "normalized": "2.67"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.00",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.33",
                "normalized": "2.33"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.67",
                "normalized": "1.67"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.00",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.33",
                "normalized": "1.33"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.67",
                "normalized": "0.67"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0.00",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://www.fau.edu/registrar/gradesys/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Full minus set down to D-, no A+."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "166629",
        "institution": "University of Massachusetts-Amherst",
        "state": "MA",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "23671",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "partial",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "11",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.000",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.700",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.000",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.300",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.700",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.000",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.300",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.700",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.000",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.300",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://www.umass.edu/senate/book/academic-regulations-grading-system-and-credit-guidelines",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "No A+, no D-. The regulations preface the scale by noting that 'the measurement of performance is a relatively inexact art'."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "217882",
        "institution": "Clemson University",
        "state": "SC",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "23300",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://catalog.clemson.edu/content.php?catoid=16&navoid=478",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Scale published in prose, not a table. No plus/minus. Acalog returns 0 bytes to any scripted fetch; read via browser."
    },
    {
        "unitid": "110705",
        "institution": "University of California-Santa Barbara",
        "state": "CA",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "23113",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "yes",
        "d_minus_offered": "yes",
        "plus_minus_system": "full",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "13",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A+": {
                "as_captured": "4.0",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "A-": {
                "as_captured": "3.7",
                "normalized": "3.70"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3.0",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "B+": {
                "as_captured": "3.3",
                "normalized": "3.30"
            },
            "B-": {
                "as_captured": "2.7",
                "normalized": "2.70"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2.0",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "C+": {
                "as_captured": "2.3",
                "normalized": "2.30"
            },
            "C-": {
                "as_captured": "1.7",
                "normalized": "1.70"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1.0",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "D+": {
                "as_captured": "1.3",
                "normalized": "1.30"
            },
            "D-": {
                "as_captured": "0.7",
                "normalized": "0.70"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://my.sa.ucsb.edu/catalog/2021-2022/AcademicPoliciesProcedures/GradingSystem.aspx",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": "Full plus/minus with A+ capped at 4.0. The catalog states the rule compactly: 'The grades A, B, C, and D may be modified by plus (+) or minus (-) suffixes.'"
    },
    {
        "unitid": "227979",
        "institution": "San Jacinto Community College",
        "state": "TX",
        "control": "public",
        "undergraduates": "22969",
        "scale_max": "4.0",
        "highest_grade_value": "4",
        "a_plus_offered": "no",
        "d_minus_offered": "no",
        "plus_minus_system": "none",
        "distinct_letter_grades": "5",
        "failing_letter": "F",
        "a_band_threshold_published": "no",
        "a_band_starts_at": "",
        "grade_points": {
            "A": {
                "as_captured": "4",
                "normalized": "4.00"
            },
            "B": {
                "as_captured": "3",
                "normalized": "3.00"
            },
            "C": {
                "as_captured": "2",
                "normalized": "2.00"
            },
            "D": {
                "as_captured": "1",
                "normalized": "1.00"
            },
            "F": {
                "as_captured": "0",
                "normalized": "0.00"
            }
        },
        "source_url": "https://publications.sanjac.edu/general-information/student-information/student-grades-records/",
        "captured": "2026-09-17",
        "notes": ""
    }
]